Realise realize в чем разница
Особенности употребления глаголов understand, realize, grasp
Глаголы to understand, to realize, to grasp переводятся на русский язык как синонимы глагола «понимать» и различаются по дополнительной характеристике выражаемого ими понятия. Стилистически нейтральны.
Глагол to understand имеет наиболее широкое применение и означает «понимать, иметь ясное представление о чём-либо»:
Глагол to understand также может употребляться в значении «я узнал, мне сказали». Однако в разговорной речи в данном значении чаще употребляются фразы:
Глагол to realize предполагает не только понимание чего-либо, но и признание какого-либо факта.
Предложение » He realized his mistake » означает, что человек смог осознать свою ошибку, после того, как ему указали на неё.
Предложение » He didn’t understand his mistake » будет понято как, «человек не осознал свою ошибку, даже после того, как ему на неё указали».
Однако в некоторых случаях глаголы to understand и to realize имеют одинаковое значение и могут быть взаимозаменяемы:
Глагол to grasp употребляется в значении «понять, ухватить мысль». В отличие от глагола to understand глагол to grasp имеет оттенок «иметь не очень ясное представление о чём идёт речь»:
Для тренировки навыков употребления рассмотренных глаголов предлагаем пройти тест на нашем сайте: Understand, realize, grasp.
The True Story of ‘Realize’ and ‘Realise’
Realize and realise are alternate spellings of the same word. In the US and Canada, realize is by far the more common spelling. In the UK, Australia, and New Zealand realise dominates, though realize is sometimes used too. The discrepancy stems from a history of different dictionaries and publishers choosing their preferred versions until a pattern stuck.
All of a sudden (and after much research) it just came to us.
Realize and realise are two different spellings of the same word. Chances are, if you’re reading something that originates in the US or Canada, you’ll see realize. And chances are, if you’re reading something that originates in the UK, Australia, or New Zealand, you’ll see realise.
We see this played out in current publications:
This is Bergin’s goal: To make women realize that sitting habits can be a risk factor for musculoskeletal problems, and that they may be able to avoid particular aches, pains and conditions by refusing to sit with their legs pressed together, crossed or otherwise anatomically scrunched.
— Elizabeth Kiefer, The Washington Post, 19 Nov. 2019
The early pioneers of the BBC realised that radio could reach into every home and would provide a universal service for the public good.
— Hugh Chignell, The Guardian (London), 17 Nov. 2019
And it can be observed in literature of the past too:
The words were hardly spoken when she realized their infelicity.
— Edith Wharton, The House of Mirth, 1905
Did she realise, to begin with, what a very small part of the world the land was?
— Virginia Woolf, The Voyage Out, 1913
Earliest Usage
We do not see it, however, in the earliest instances of the word in English.
The first examples of realize in print date to the early 17th century, and even though the word was borrowed into English from the French réaliser, it was at first only rendered as realize in English. It was almost a century and a half before realise began to appear—first, according to the Oxford English Dictionary, in a letter by none other than lexicographer Samuel Johnson. He wrote on December 30, 1755, «Designs are nothing in human eyes till they are realised by execution.»
British vs. American English
Johnson’s famed dictionary was published that same year, but it did not include an entry for the word. There is nothing in his A Dictionary of the English Language between reaffirmance and realty. Nathan Bailey’s 1721 An Universal Etymological English Dictionary, however, had defined realize (and spelled it thus) as «to cause a being real, to admit as a reality.»
In going with the realise spelling, Johnson and those who followed his example nod to the word’s French source word, réaliser. The suffix -ize itself is likewise French, and has as its closest ancestor the Middle French suffix, -iser. But the «z» is present etymologically just beyond -iser. That suffix comes from the Late Latin -izare, and ultimately from the Greek suffix -izein.
Webster of course won some and lost others of those -ize battles. While American English consistently coins words with -ize rather than -ise, there are plenty of words that are spelled with ise despite sounding like they have a «z» in them: wise, surmise, advise, rise, franchise, and many others.
So how did we wind up with the current situation? Lynne Murphy, in her book The Prodigal Tongue, an in-depth investigation of the differences between American and British English, reports that a 19th century explosion of English coinages with the suffix in question (most appearing first in British English) coincided with a rash of French -ise borrowings, such as galvanise, mobilise, and polarise, and that during this same period—the mid-1800s—there was a shift toward the -ise spellings in British English overall. The Oxford English Dictionary’s decision in 1884 to simplify the matter by uniformly listing the -ize spellings of verbs before their -ise variants (because of the Greek etymon -izein we mentioned above) led to an increase in the use of -ize in British English for a time, so that both spellings were fully acceptable.
But then, explains Murphy, in the 1990s two influential publishers took a stand for -ise: both The Times of London and Cambridge University Press determined to use -ise rather than -ize. Around the same time, people were exploring the Internet—and English beyond their corner of the globe—as never before, and a notion that -ize was a creation of American English took hold in British English, inspiring in some a fierce resolution to embrace the -ise spellings overall, and to leave -ize to that transatlantic upstart with the inferior version of the language.
And that is how we got to where we are today: with realize being by far the favored form in American and Canadian writing, and realise being mostly the favored form in British and Australasian English. And all of us being forced to realize that English can be so very complicated.
References:
Lynne Murphy, The Prodigal Tongue (New York: Penguin Books, 2018), pgs. 148-151.
Realise realize в чем разница
Realize is used in the US
Realise is used in the UK
Realize is used in the US
Realise is used in the UK
Thank you very much 🙂
Символ показывает уровень знания интересующего вас языка и вашу подготовку. Выбирая ваш уровень знания языка, вы говорите пользователям как им нужно писать, чтобы вы могли их понять.
Мне трудно понимать даже короткие ответы на данном языке.
Могу задавать простые вопросы и понимаю простые ответы.
Могу формулировать все виды общих вопросов. Понимаю ответы средней длины и сложности.
Понимаю ответы любой длины и сложности.
Решайте свои проблемы проще в приложении!
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Английские глаголы, обозначающие «понимать»
Posted on 2014-10-07 by admin in Глагол // 6 Comments
Understand
Словом understand [ʌndə’stænd] мы передаем умственный процесс человека, который способен мыслить. Из известных глаголов с таким значением understand употребляется в самом широком смысле, т.к. применим практически в любом контексте, когда речь идет об умственных способностях человека, о способности ориентироваться в определенной ситуации, когда нужно понять состояние ближнего и принять участие.
• I understand him perfectly! I have happened in such a situation – я прекрасно его понимаю. я был в такой ситуации.
• Your understanding of the problem is wrong – вы неправильно понимаете проблему
• He understood that had missed something important in his life – он понял, что упустил что-то важное в жизни.
Realize
Если глагол understand выражает способность человека к осмыслению и пониманию, то глагол realize [‘rɪəlaɪz] помимо этого еще и подразумевает понимание, осознание и признание некого факта.
• I suddenly realized that had made a serious mistake – я вдруг осознал, что допустил серьезную ошибку
• He realized that she didn’t love him – он понял, что она его не любит
Comprehend
Глагол comprehend [kɔmprɪ’hɛnd] также имеет значение «понимать», но несколько в ином контексте — «постигать, осмыслить, сообразить, уразуметь, смекнуть».
• It is not easy for a human being to comprehend the universe – человеку не легко постичь вселенную
Grasp
В отличие от предыдущих глаголов, grasp [grɑːsp] наделен значением «взять в толк, ухватить мысль, быстро схватить объясняемый материал», а в отрицательном предложении, напротив, подчеркивает непонимание чего-то.
• I can’t grasp your explanation – я не могу понять ваше объяснение
• He easily grasped my idea – он легко ухватил мою идею
• My goal is to promote classical music in easy-to-grasp forms – моя цель – продвигать классическую музыку в легких для понимания формах
6 Comments on Английские глаголы, обозначающие «понимать»
Спасибо огромное.
Очень понятно и доступно.
С уважением.Леонид
Здраствуйте, не могу у Вас на сайте найти тему об предлогах of, to, by, with и их роли в предложении, точнее сказать согласование с другими частями речи. Если есть у Вас такая тема, дайте ссылку.
@Александр, здравствуйте, воспользуйтесь функцией поиска на сайте.
He realized that she didn’t love him – он понял, что она его не любит
don’t ведь, а не dindn’t
то есть doesn’t.
ведь didn’t — получается, не любила его, так?
Realize vs. Realise
The words Realize and Realise might sound the same, but have different meanings and different spellings. In this Grammar.com article, you will learn the differences between these two confusing words.
Or is it realised? Have you ever wondered what is the difference between realise with s and realize with a z? Today, we’ll explain the real difference between the two words with different examples and try to elucidate your confusion once and for all.
Realize and realise are the two variants of the same word which is a verb and means to understand something clearly or become aware of something clearly.
In this example, realise is implied to define the awareness Alice gained after typing all the data that the document was wrong.
Realise is also used as a verb to give real or actual form to something. Or to cause something to happen.
Another usage of realise as a verb is to make profit out of a transaction. It is further utilized to describe the sale of something or conversion of an asset to cash.
This must have cleared up the different meanings of the verb realise but you must still be pondering when to use which realise? There is no specific answer to this question. The most important thing to know is that both the spellings are acceptable in all English communities.
You must have heard about the differences between American English and the British English. Realize is one of the victims of these differences.
Realize:
Realize with a z is the American way of writing this verb which means to become aware of or bring something into being. It is the ancient form and date back to early 17th century.
If it comes together, Concord could help banks streamline cumbersome operations, lower the costs of maintaining them, and realize billions of dollars in savings. –The Wall Street Journal
Realise:
Realise with s is most widely used in British English and British writings. It was adopted later by some communities and later on these spellings dwelled.
Now comes the main question; when to use which? Well, it all depends on your audience, origin and preference. If you are an American writing for global audience, you will prefer to write realize with a z, however a British national writing for global audience will use realise with s. If you are specifically writing for American audience, then regardless of your origin or preference, you will have to use realize with a z. If the case is otherwise, an author writing for British audience should use realise with s. If you are not a native English speaker and you are writing for your community which is non-English, then you can use any one in your writing but make sure that you use the same spellings throughout the writing.
Realise or realize:
To put it shortly, realise and realize are both acceptable alternatives for the verb which means to become aware of or bring into being. The only difference in them is their predominance in different English speaking communities. The American English makes use of realize with a z whereas the British English makes use of realise with s. The decision of choosing one should depend upon your audience, preference and origin.