Xcode 13 что нового
WWDC showcases Apple’s Xcode 13, Xcode Cloud, TestFlight for Mac, SwiftUI
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Apple’s wide spectrum of developer tools are getting a series of major upgrades to help coders build better, faster code more quickly, in addition to providing collaborative features to help development teams work together more effectively. The result: more, better apps for end users.
New Public APIs
Historically, Apple has often released its own new OS and app features internally and then gradually opened up public access to third party developers— sometimes over the course of a number of years.
This year, however, a remarkable number of new features unleashed by Apple in iOS 15 and macOS Monterey are being simultaneously released with a public API so developers can jump right in and build that new functionality into their own apps.
Susan Prescott, Apple’s VP of Worldwide Developer Relations, emphasized in the WWDC Keynote that «there are a lot of new APIs this year!»
Notable examples include SharePlay, a new way to collaboratively watch or listen to synchronized movies and music with others; Object Capture, for quickly stitching together images into a 3D model for use in AR; as well as a variety of other new OS-level features such Voice Isolation, Focus, Notifications, Nearby Interactions, and the new system-wide Quick Note— sort of an unlimited, deluxe Clipboard on a cloud of steroids.
In simultaneously releasing public API access to new OS and app features, Apple is ensuring that third party developers have time to prepare their own apps and tools to take full advantage of the new features of its software updates shipping to the public later this fall. This new speed in delivering APIs in tandem with new features is partly attributable to Apple being much larger and far more proficient that it was back in the days when it struggled to catch up with competing vendors and tried to keep its WWDC releases top secret for competitive reasons.
It wasn’t that long ago that Apple’s novel UI concepts and other features pioneered in macOS and in apps like Safari and Photos were launched as experimental, internal «private frameworks,» and only incrementally opened up— sometimes years later— to allow outside developers to build extensions or to make use of Apple’s internal features in their own apps, by way of a public «Application Programming Interface,» designed to make it possible for outside code to closely integrate with Apple’s.
Apple’s Swift new language
On top of a flurry of new and expanded APIs, Apple is also directing new attention to Swift, its language of the future for building apps and talking to all these APIs. Swift certainly isn’t new; Apple’s been publicly working on it since 2014.
However, legacy issues have long forced Apple— and many of its developers— to continue writing and maintaining lots of existing OS and app code in existing languages like ObjectiveC rather than the new, continuously evolving Swift. But that’s changing.
«Today, the majority of the top thousand apps are built using Swift,» Prescott announced in the WWDC Keynote. Apple also acknowledged that the company itself used Swift to deliver Music and other new apps to modernize and replace iTunes in macOS Catalina two years ago. That’s about as bold and confident of an endorsement as any developer could make.
The biggest news for Swift this year is new language support designed specifically to make it easier, safer and faster to create performant concurrent code without introducing complex bugs.
Concurrency enables code to maximize parallel execution, and is particularly critical to taking full advantage of processors with multiple cores. The new structured concurrency in Swift also affords better compiler performance, resulting in faster development and better apps.
SwiftUI for modern, accessible, localized apps
In addition to being a development language, Swift is also the namesake of Apple’s graphical UI framework introduced in 2019. While Swift is targeted at creating better code, SwiftUI aims to eliminate lots of code by creating standard user interface elements and functionality that are declared— or even simply laid out using graphical drag and drop tools.
By allowing SwiftUI to take over much of the heavy lifting in building the user interface, apps can gain a consistent appearance that is easy to update and enhance, as well as accounting for changes such as Dark Mode, user accessibility features and foreign language localizations.
This year, Apple is enhancing SwiftUI with features that make it easier to incorporate list views with the swipe gestures that debuted in Mail, as well as improving in app search using very little code. On macOS Monterey, SwiftUI simplifies building apps with multicolumn tables. Apple is also making it easier for custom controls to provide accessibility support.
New app development on iPad
A new generation of developers who love iPad have been clamoring for Apple’s Xcode development suite for the Mac to get ported to their tablet. Instead, Apple took the more obvious— in hindsight— path of enhancing Swift Playgrounds for iPad to gain the ability to create full iOS and iPad apps and even submit them to the App Store for public distribution.
Swift Playgrounds was initially designed to walk learners through a series of «playgrounds» that teach programming concepts by enabling the user to type in Swift code and immediately see the real world results.
The next logical step is to make Swift learners into full Swift developers, right on their iPad, without having to first master the full complexity of Xcode or buy equipment capable of running Apple’s full integrated development environment.
Xcode 13 and Xcode Cloud
For professional Mac developers building code for all of Apple’s platforms, Apple has greatly enhanced Xcode 13, its IDE that only runs on the Mac. The biggest news is Xcode Cloud, a new service that simplifies the development cycle by handling build testing, debugging, device testing, and code signing on Apple’s servers.
In conjunction, Apple has also enhanced Xcode 13 with new collaborative features that allow teams to work on projects hosted on Xcode Cloud, GitHub, Bitbucket and GitLab and to review different code versions, add comments and perform sophisticated testing all offloaded to Apple.
In conjunction with the new release of TestFlight for Mac, developers will now also be able to distribute beta versions of their apps to both Mac and mobile users, collecting feedback from testers that they can use to improve their code for public release.
The new collaborative features in Xcode 13, as well as the hosted Xcode Cloud service, promise to make development teams more productive and responsive. Xcode Cloud in particular helps developers to test their code against a wide range of devices, without having to maintain and manually test how their apps look across various models of iPhones and iPads.
Additionally, Apple’s new tools work with Mac Catalyst to help bring the vast array of iOS and iPad apps to the Mac in a way that looks and feels truly native to the Mac experience.
Augmented Reality
Apple has recently concentrated development efforts on supporting the creation of AR experiences. Rather than being a passing fad the way face-mounted smartphone VR was, AR has found a viable market in online sales.
Online merchants using AR models of their products that buyers can view in their own homes have reported a 94% higher purchase rate. That boost in sales is driving the efforts to deliver even more 3D models that can be viewed anywhere in realistic AR, clearly a core reason why Apple is working to simplify this process using the aforementioned Object Capture API.
There are now over 9,000 developers working on AR apps, and Apple has the largest platform of mobile AR devices, with an installed base of over a billion iPhones and iPads capable of test driving AR.
Follow all the details of WWDC 2021 with the comprehensive AppleInsider coverage of the whole week-long event from June 7 through June 11, including details of all the new launches and updates.
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Comments (2)
darthw
Great article DED, I love everything you write. However, you could use some help proof reading your articles before posting, several typos in this article. But thanks for the great writing!
emoeller
For those that only saw the Keynote this is a nice overview of what WWDC2021 is all about. Apple is really trying to get folks of all skill levels into programming and Swift is now the new «Visual Basic» in terms of light weight programming. A lot can be accomplished using SwiftUI but in the end it will always be limited by API’s that Apple puts out.
For those who feel they can’t program (everyone can program, really) there is Shortcuts (the light version of Automation that has been around in MacOS for decades). As with Swift, Shortcuts it is limited in terms of what Apple provides. But I am glad that Automation is still available and will soon be somewhat cross compatible with Shortcuts.
В Xcode нашли процессоры Intel для нового Mac Pro
В бета-версии Xcode 13 нашли ссылки на чипы Intel для нового Mac Pro.
Топовый Mac получит несколько конфигураций с процессорами Intel Xeon Scalable третьего поколения (Ice Lake-SP).
Это самые мощные серверные чипы Intel, выполненные по 10 нм техпроцессу.
Журналист Марк Гурман из Bloomberg подтвердил, что Apple разрабатывает новый Mac Pro на Intel.
Он не уточнил, когда Apple планирует представить его.
Apple has indeed been working on an update to the Intel Mac Pro. https://t.co/YgU8KaikeX
Apple действительно работает над обновлением Mac Pro с Intel.
Новый Mac Pro может стать последним компьютером Apple на Intel. Компания уже перевела практически все Mac на собственные процессоры.
Apple также разрабатывает Mac Pro на ARM. Релиз этой версии запланирован на следующий год. [MacRumors]
Илья Сидоров
Редактор новостей и автор статей на iPhones.ru.
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🙈 Комментарии 2
Честно говоря, мне кажется, что все эти эппловские процессоры М1 и будущие М2, М3 и т. д. — лишь переходный шаг. Эппл рано или поздно переведет большую часть своих клиентов на облачные вычисления. То есть всё будет в рамках экономики услуг. И вот эта их повальная планшетизация всей линейки устройств — прямое доказательство их намерений. Тот же последний аймак на М1 — идеальный тонкий клиент.
Оплатил подписку — есть у тебя компьютер и мощные программы на серверах Эппла. И фоточки в айклауде. Не оплатил подписку — извините. Отсюда и запрет на замену и расширение локального хранилища.
PSA: Xcode 13.1 RC теперь доступен разработчикам
После выпуска iOS 15.1 RC, macOS Monterey RC и других обновлений Apple также сделала Xcode 13.1 RC (Release Candidate) доступным для разработчиков. Последнюю версию Xcode теперь можно загрузить на веб-сайте Apple Developer.
Xcode — это платформа, используемая для разработки приложений для iOS, macOS, watchOS и tvOS. С Xcode 13.1 разработчики могут обновлять свои приложения с полной поддержкой iOS 15.1, macOS Monterey и других.
iOS 15.1 и tvOS 15.1 наконец-то включают SharePlay, новую функцию, анонсированную на WWDC 2021, для обмена песнями и видео во время звонка FaceTime. Разработчики, которые хотят добавить поддержку SharePlay в свои приложения, должны будут использовать Xcode 13.1 для отправки своих приложений в App Store.
То же самое касается любых приложений Mac, готовых для macOS Monterey, которые будут официально выпущены для широкой публики на следующей неделе. В macOS Monterey добавлены такие функции, как приложение «Ярлыки», AirPlay для Mac, SharePlay и другие. Apple также подтвердила, что Xcode 13.1 требуется для обновления приложений для нового дисплея MacBook Pro 2021 года.
Отчет о конфиденциальности приложений для iPhone: как узнать, какие приложения используются
В новом MacBook Pro представлен дисплей Liquid Retina XDR, увеличивающий активную область экрана вокруг новой камеры FaceTime HD 1080p. Если ваше приложение работает в полноэкранном режиме и использует системные меню по умолчанию, macOS Monterey автоматически учитывает область вокруг камеры. Если ваше приложение обеспечивает настраиваемый полноэкранный режим или рисует контент поверх строки меню, вам может потребоваться внести несколько корректировок, чтобы обеспечить наилучшее взаимодействие с этим невероятным новым дисплеем.
Поскольку это выпуск RC, Xcode 13.1 доступен только на веб-сайте Apple Developer. Публичный релиз должен быть доступен в App Store на следующей неделе.
Xcode 13 Extends Team Collaboration and Source Editing Features
Jun 27, 2021 2 min read
Xcode 13 brings improved Git integration, support for GitHub, Bitbucket, and GitLab collaboration features, new editor capabilities, and Vim keybindings.
The Xcode team has spent some significant effort to seamlessly integrate advanced collaboration features provided by code hosting platforms like GitHub, Bitbucket, and GitLab. In particular, you can now easily create pull requests from within the IDE and ask for a review of your changes. Any comments provided by the reviewers are displayed inline with the code inside of the editor, along with the reviewer’s name and avatar. You can also reply to the comment without leaving Xcode.
In addition, Xcode 13 extends its support for working with Git repositories and carrying through common tasks such as comparing two versions of a file and listing and navigating through all the changes in a project. You can easily inspect all branches and commits without losing you current editing context.
Speaking of the source code editor, which is possibly the most essential feature to Xcode, Xcode 13 brings a number of changes aiming to reduce your typing when using Swift. For example, if you use a type which is provided by some frameworks that you have already imported somewhere else, Xcode 13 is able to automatically import that framework for you instead of complaining about the unknown type.
Very welcome to many will be also the ability of Xcode 13 of autocompleting your code by inspecting properties inside of properties. This means that if you start typing view.mask. Xcode will suggest view.layer.masksToBounds and view.layer.masks as possible completions.
Additional code completion niceties include the possibilities of autocompleting switch and if let statements.
More substantive are column breakpoints, which makes it easier to debug into complex expressions that use multiple functions. Instead of breaking on the whole line and then stepping through until you reach the function you want to debug, you can now set a breakpoint on a column, so the debugger will break exactly on that part of the expression and allow you to spare some effort.
As mentioned, Vim keybindings are now supported in Xcode. They do not include all Vim’s operations, especially when it comes to more complex ones, but all the basics are there, including navigating, searching, inserting, yanking, and so on.
As a final note, Apple has improved the integration with TestFlight crash reports and introduced a new Cloud signing service to simplify certificate management.
Xcode 4+
Apple
Снимки экрана
Описание
Xcode includes everything developers need to create great applications for Mac, iPhone, iPad, Apple TV, and Apple Watch. Xcode provides developers a unified workflow for user interface design, coding, testing, and debugging. The Xcode IDE combined with the Swift programming language make developing apps easy and fun.
Xcode includes the Xcode IDE, Swift and C/C++/Objective-C compilers, Instruments analysis tool, simulators, the latest SDKs, and hundreds of powerful features:
Innovative tools help you create great apps
• Swift is an intuitive programming language that is safe, fast, and modern
• SwiftUI is a revolutionary framework to create user interfaces with a declarative Swift syntax
• Playgrounds are a fun way to experiment and interact with Swift code
• View debugging shows a 3D stack of all your app’s UI view layers at runtime
• Split editors in virtually unlimited ways, show previews, or choose an assistant to see related content
• Live issues display errors as you type, and Fix-its improve your code with just a click
• Source control navigator and service integrations help you manage code across a team
SwiftUI and Interface Builder make it easy to design your interface
• SwiftUI uses declarative Swift code that clearly describes your interface
• Design canvas graphically builds UI views using the library of controls and modifyers
• Preview SwiftUI code or UIKit interfaces in different screen sizes, orientations, and font sizes
• SwiftUI code is always in perfect sync with the graphical design canvas and previews
• Animations are built using simple commands that describe the action you want to see
Professional editor and debugger keep your code front and center
• Refactoring makes it easy to modify the structure of Swift, Objective-C, C, and C++ code
• Open Quickly instantly opens any file within your project
• Data tips and Quick Look can inspect a variable by hovering your mouse over code while debugging
Instruments for performance analysis
• Compare CPU, disk, memory, and GPU performance as graphical tracks over time
• Identify performance bottlenecks, then dive deep into the code to uncover the cause
• Analyze your app directly, or sample the entire system with very little overhead
• Create custom instruments with unique visualizations to analyze your own code and frameworks
To test or run applications on an iPhone, iPad, Apple TV, or Apple Watch all you need is a free Apple ID. To submit your apps to the App Store you must be a member of the Apple Developer Program. Some features may require Internet access.